Sprains fracture: first aid tips

September 1, 2014  21:49

A sprain occurs when a ligament has been injured by excessive stretching. A sprain often occurs in the ankles, knee or the arches of the feet. Sprained ligaments swell rapidly and are painful.

To treat sprains, follow the PRICE principle:

• Protect the injured limb from further injury by using anything from splints to crutches

• Rest the injured limb

• Ice the area using a cold pack to limit swelling after an injury. If you use ice, be careful not to use it for long to prevent tissue damage.

• Compress the area with an elastic wrap or bandage.

• Elevate the injured limb whenever possible to help prevent or limit swelling.

Medical assistance is needed if:

• Your child develops fever.

• The injured area is red and hot. This may be a sign of infection.

• Your child suffers from severe pain.

• The injured part does not improve in the first two or three days.

Fracture

A fracture is a broken bone that requires medical attention. Perform these actions immediately while waiting for medical help:

• Stop any bleeding by applying pressure to the wound with a sterile bandage, a clean cloth, or a clean piece of clothing.

• Apply ice packs to limit swelling and help relieve pain until emergency personnel arrive. Don’t apply ice directly to the skin – wrap the ice in a clean towel, piece of cloth, or some other material.

• Don’t move the child, or try to realign the bone unless you have been trained in to splint.

• Treat for shock. If your child faints or is breathing short, rapid breaths, carefully lay your child down with the head slightly lower than the trunk. If possible, elevate the legs.

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