4 common misconceptions about breast cancer

Breast cancer is a common concern for women — but misconceptions are common, too.

It’s important to know the facts about diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Clarification will lead to better understanding, and better health. Below are a few of the most common misconceptions.

1. “I don’t need annual mammograms — I need MRI.”

Screening breast MRI is much more sensitive for detecting breast cancer early. But it’s not for everyone and does not replace the screening mammogram.

A mammogram is the only imaging technique that picks up microcalcifications, which may be the earliest sign of cancer. Mammograms are also better at detecting subtle changes in the breast shape, called architectural distortion.

In 2007, the American Cancer Society made recommendations for screening breast MRI, endorsing its use in certain groups of high-risk women. It is typically not otherwise covered by insurance and has a high false-positive rate. If you are concerned that your personal or family history puts you at greater risk for breast cancer, talk with your doctor to see if MRI is right for you.

2. “Thermography is an effective substitute for a mammogram.”

Thermography makes images of the breasts’ radiant infrared energy for the purpose of detecting cancer.

In June 2011, the Food and Drug Administration reported it “was not aware of any valid scientific data to show that thermographic devices, when used on their own, are an effective screening tool for any medical condition, including the early detection of breast cancer or other breast disease.” The FDA report also noted it was “concerned that women will … not receive needed mammograms” if they rely solely on thermography.

3. “Genetic mutations are common.”

Awareness about hereditary cancer syndromes has improved, in large part thanks to the courage of Angelina Jolie in telling her story.

Because her mother had ovarian cancer, Jolie had BRCA testing, which showed a mutation in her BRCA1gene. That mutation meant a very high risk for developing breast and ovarian cancer. She took brave steps to reduce her risk, including removal of her breast tissue and ovaries.

Only about 10 percent of breast cancers and 15 percent of ovarian cancers are linked to genetic mutations. BRCA mutations are the most common. These gene changes are found in about 1 in 400 people in the population.

4. “Prophylactic mastectomy is the only way to reduce your risk for breast cancer.”

All women should know this: Early detection is key, with survival rates for early breast cancer being over 95 percent. But all women should also know that there are other ways to reduce breast cancer risk.

For example, alcohol consumption and post-menopausal obesity are two risk factors that many don’t know about. And while studies about exercise are mixed, exercise reduces body fat, which can reduce your risk. Recommendations include maintaining an ideal body weight and limiting alcohol consumption to fewer than seven drinks per week.

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