OR: Metformin may reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration

The drug metformin, widely used to treat diabetes, may have a protective effect on vision. A study published in Ophthalmology Retina (OR) found that its use is associated with a reduced risk of developing a dangerous form of age-related macular degeneration—a condition that often leads to blindness.

Researchers from the University of Chicago analyzed data from more than 44,000 patients. The study included 22,205 individuals with newly diagnosed neovascular macular degeneration and 22,126 people without the condition. The results showed that metformin use was associated with approximately a 16% lower risk of developing the disease.

Further analysis revealed that the strongest protective effect was observed at moderate cumulative doses of the drug. A similar pattern was also seen among patients with diabetes: those taking metformin had a lower likelihood of developing the eye disease.

The researchers note that age-related macular degeneration remains one of the leading causes of vision loss among older adults. According to them, due to its wide availability and relatively low risk of side effects, metformin could be considered a promising option for preventing or slowing the progression of the condition. However, additional studies are needed to confirm these findings.

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