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Scientists Develop Ultrasound System to Detect Microcracks in Bones
Researchers in the United States have developed an ultrasound system capable of detecting microcracks in bones measuring less than 0.5 millimeters, before such damage becomes visible on conventional X-rays. The technology, called OsteoSEE, was developed by specialists at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory in Maryland, according to Johns Hopkins University.
In 2026, the innovation received an R&D 100 Award, which recognizes outstanding achievements in science and technology.
The system is designed to detect stress fractures at an early stage. These injuries occur when repeated loading causes damage to bone tissue. They are particularly common among military personnel and can significantly limit their ability to perform their duties for extended periods. In the early stages, such microdamage can be difficult to identify using conventional diagnostic methods.
OsteoSEE works by using ultrasound sensors that direct sound waves toward the bone at specific angles. The system analyzes surface acoustic waves that travel along the dense outer layer of bone tissue. These waves are sensitive to small structural changes, allowing the technology to detect signs of accumulating damage and developing fractures.
During testing, the technology detected cracks less than 0.5 millimeters wide — thinner than a standard bank card. The researchers also confirmed that the recorded signals corresponded to actual changes in bone structure. Micro-computed tomography was used to verify the findings.
According to project leader Anna Knight, early diagnosis could help prevent more serious injuries and improve military readiness. Unlike X-rays, OsteoSEE does not use ionizing radiation. Its reliance on commercially available components could also make it possible to conduct examinations directly at training sites or during military operations.
The developers are also exploring the possibility of combining the diagnostic system with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, which is being investigated as a potential way to support bone healing. In the future, the technology could be used not only in military medicine but also in sports medicine and pediatrics.
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