Common culinary spices may promote gut health, protect the brain and help reduce the risk of chronic diseases by influencing the gut microbiome, according to a review published in Nutrition Reviews.
The researchers analyzed evidence from eight clinical studies involving human participants, 12 laboratory experiments and findings from several additional scientific publications. The review included widely consumed spices such as cinnamon, turmeric, chili pepper and various spice blends.
According to the authors, polyphenols found in spices are only minimally absorbed in the upper digestive tract. Instead, they reach the intestines, where they serve as nutrients for beneficial gut bacteria and help maintain a healthy microbial balance.
By influencing the gut microbiota, these compounds may help reduce inflammation, limit oxidative stress, support cardiovascular health and provide protective effects for the nervous system.
The researchers emphasize, however, that the potential health benefits of spices depend on several factors, including the amount consumed, cooking methods and individual differences in metabolism. Since most people consume relatively small amounts of spices, additional research is needed to better understand their long-term health effects.
Previous studies have also suggested that curcumin—the main bioactive compound in turmeric—may improve blood glucose control and reduce inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes.
Follow NEWS.am Medicine on Facebook and Twitter