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Scientists create mini-placenta to study early stages of pregnancy
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have used organoid culture techniques to create a cellular model of the early stages of the placenta. It is hoped that this will further our understanding of the initial stages of pregnancy and the etiology of various reproductive disorders.
The placenta is an organ that develops during early pregnancy. It attaches to the wall of the uterus, and the umbilical cord arises from it.
All of the oxygen and nutrients needed by the fetus to grow are supplied through the placenta and waste products are removed via the same route. Failure of the placenta to develop properly can result in a range of complications, including the offspring being still-born.
Unsuccessful pregnancies are commonly the results of the embryo being unable to implant correctly and form a placental attachment.
Although it is known that placental failure is a common cause of infertility, the underlying causes of such failure remain elusive. This is largely a consequence of the difficulties of studying the initial stages of pregnancy.
Since they cannot be studied, very little is understood about what normally happens during this very early period of our development and how it can go wrong. Unfortunately, animal models are of little help since the processes of placental development and implantation are too dissimilar to humans.
The University of Cambridge is a world leader in organoid research and has created a range of organ models, including 'mini-brains', 'mini-livers' and 'mini-lungs'. They have now used the technique to generate 'mini-placentas' that are functional models of the early placenta.
These 'mini-placentas' build on decades of research and we believe they will transform work in this field. They will play an important role in helping us investigate events that happen during the earliest stages of pregnancy and yet have profound consequences for the life-long health of the mother and her offspring.
Source: news-medical.net
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