Small and smart changes of health

The stat: Eat chocolate five or more times a week and you may be less likely to have coronary heart disease, Fox News reports.

The details: Studying more than 4,900 people, researchers at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, in Boston, found that those who ate chocolate—dark, milk, whatever!—five or more times  a week were less likely to have heart disease than chocolate teetotalers. While the study didn’t examine the physiological reasons for the results, experts surmise that the antioxidant flavonoids found in chocolate may help lower blood pressure, which in turn protects the heart.

The stat: Exercise moderately for 30 to 60 minutes a day and you may have up to an 80 percent reduced risk of developing breast cancer.

The details: According to the National Cancer Institute, research from more than 60 global studies shows that women who are physically active have a lower risk of developing breast cancer than their sedentary peers.

The stat: See an eye doctor when you detect vision problems as you age and you could decrease your risk of developing dementia by 64 percent compared with people who don’t get their eyes checked.

The details: Using data from Medicare, researchers in this study conducted by the University of Michigan Health System found that elderly people with vision problems that go untreated were more likely to develop dementia (including Alzheimer’s disease) than those who sought vision care. In fact, experts now believe that poor vision may be a predictor of dementia (not just a symptom, as was previously thought), if it is not treated.

The stat: Walk at least six miles a week and you’ll help protect your memory as you get older.

The details: University of Pittsburgh researchers found that people who walked roughly six to nine miles a week had greater gray matter volume than people who didn’t walk as much. Increased gray matter volume has been linked to fewer age-related memory problems (typically, the brain shrinks as you get older, which has been shown to negatively affect memory).

The stat: Get your thyroid checked and you may have up to a 69 percent lower risk of fatal heart disease.

The stat: Lose 7 percent of your body weight if you’re overweight and you can lower your risk of developing type 2 diabetes by up to 58 percent.

The details: In an American Diabetes Association study of more than 3,000 overweight patients who had a condition called prediabetes (in which blood glucose levels are elevated, though not high enough for a diagnosis of diabetes), researchers found that those who reduced body weight through eating less fat and fewer calories and exercising for at least 150 minutes a week were able to delay—or, in some cases, prevent—the development of diabetes. The study authors surmise that weight loss and physical activity improve the body’s ability to use insulin and process glucose.

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